Missouri 2000 Hispanic Population and Change 1990-2000
The Geographic Dispersion of Missouri 2000 Hispanic Population.
Significantly, all Missouri counties had at least some Hispanic population in both 1990 and 2000 and the Hispanic population increased in 113 of the 115 counties during the 1990s.
| Map 1 click map for larger version 
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Although Hispanics only accounted for 2.2 percent of Missouri's 2000 population, 103 of Missouri's 115 counties had a 2000 Hispanic population of at least 50 and 79 counties had a 2000 Hispanic population of at least 100. Map 1 shows the number of Hispanics in each county in 2000.
There were 20 counties having a 2000 Hispanic population of at least 1,000. Of those 20 counties 13 are located in one of the metropolitan areas. By far the largest Hispanic population is in Jackson County, which increased from 18,890 in 1990 to 35,160 - an increase of 86.1 percent. Following Jackson County the next greatest Hispanic populations in 2000 were St. Louis County, 14,577; St. Louis City 7,022; Clay County 6,594; Greene County, 4,434; and, St. Charles County, 4,176.
Missouri's Hispanic population is more geographically dispersed than that of other racial or ethnic minorities. For comparison, although the Missouri African American population is 5 times greater than the Hispanic population, there were 40 counties in 2000 that had fewer than 50 African Americans; there were 64 Missouri counties that had fewer than 50 Asians in 2000. Relatively, the African-American, Asian, American Indian and "other" racial or ethnic minority populations are more geographically concentrated than Hispanics.
Hispanic Population Doubles From 1990 to 2000
The Missouri Hispanic population increased from 61,702 in 1990 to 118,592 in 2000 - an increase of 92.2 percent (Table 1). The Hispanic population more than doubled from 1990 to 2000 in 57 of Missouri's 115 counties.
Although 76 percent of Missouri's 2000 Hispanic population resided in one of the metro counties, the rural Hispanic population increased more significantly during the 1990s. The metro Hispanic population increased by 80.1 percent (from 50,399 to 90,785) during the 1990s while the non-metro Hispanic population increased by 146 percent (from 11,303 in 1990 to 27,807 in 2000 - an increase of 16,504).
With an exception we discuss below, Hispanic population growth was relatively uniform throughout the state as shown on Map 2. The Hispanic population more than doubled in nine of the 22 metro counties (41 percent of the counties) and in 48 of the 93 non-metro counties (51 percent of counties). As shown on Map 3 the counties in which Hispanic population more than doubled are about equally divided between north and south Missouri.
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Map 3 click map for larger version 
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Exceptional Hispanic Population Growth Linked With Labor Market Growth; Especially New Meat Processing Industries
Map 3 shows 10 counties in which the Hispanic population more than quadrupled (increase of more than 300 percent). Those 10 are all counties in which there was a dramatic increase in demand for workers during the 1990s. Taney County (Branson) was one of those counties and illustrates the effect of dramatic employment growth. Employment in Taney County doubled during the 1990s; demand for workers far exceeded local supply. Hispanics were among workers moving to the county to fill jobs. In consequence the Taney County Hispanic population increased from 194 in 1990 to 962 in 2000 - an increase of 396 percent.
In the remaining nine counties large scale production of poultry or swine was associated with establishment of major meat processing facilities, creating a large demand for packing house workers. Hispanic workers were recruited both from within and outside the U.S. to meet those local demands. In consequence, there were dramatic increases in Hispanic population in those counties, especially during the last half of the 1990s. Five of those counties are adjoining in Missouri's Southwest corner and are focused on poultry production and processing. Illustrative of the impact, the Hispanic population increased from 1990 to 2000 in those counties as follows: Barry County, from 152 to 1,713; McDonald County, from 121 to 2,030; Lawrence County, from 211 to 1,195; Newton County, from 353 to 1,147; and Jasper County, from 797 to 3,615. Similar industrial, and therefore demographic, changes occurred in Dunklin County in the Bootheel (Hispanic population growth from 169 in 1990 to 824 in 2000) and in Pettis and Moniteau Counties in central Missouri. Hispanic population increased from 268 to 1,527 in Pettis County and from 46 to 435 in Moniteau County.
Two additional counties, Saline and Sullivan, experienced similar additions of major meat (swine) processing plants and subsequent Hispanic immigration to meet demand for labor. In Saline County Hispanic population increased from 208 to 1,050 and in Sullivan County Hispanic population increased from 28 to 634.
In aggregate the 10 counties in which the Hispanic population more than quadrupled during the 1990s had a Hispanic population of 2,279 in 1990 and 13,605 in 2000 - an increase of 500 percent. Those 10 counties accounted for 3.7 percent of Missouri's Hispanic population in 1990 but 11.5 percent in 2000.
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OSEDA Regional Grouping of Counties Many demographic factors vary by region within the state of Missouri. For the convenience of our user community, OSEDA prepares tables using three different regional groupings of counties: Extension, Economic Development and Transportation. For each of these groupings, one table summarizes the indicators by regional total and a second table shows values for each county grouped by region. Users may select the county grouping most helpful for their application and understanding. |
Regional Differences in Hispanic Population Change 1990-2000
In this section changes in the Hispanic population from 1990-2000 are reported for three different sets of regions: the eight University of Missouri Extension Regions; the 10 regions employed by the Missouri Department of Transportation; and the 13 regions employed by the Missouri Department of Economic Development. In each of these sets of tables changes in Hispanic population are reported for each region and another set of tables reports changes for counties within each region.
Differences in Hispanic Population Change by UM Extension Regions.
The West Central Region (Kansas City) includes 40.9 percent of Missouri's total 2000 Hispanic population; East Central (St. Louis) includes 25.3 percent of state total and Southwest (Springfield) includes 14.7 percent. Those three regions include 81 percent of state total Hispanic population in 2000. Coincidentally, those three regions also included 81 percent of the state's 1990 Hispanic population.
By far the greatest rate if increase in Hispanic population during the 1990s was in the Southwest region with an increase of 287.4 percent. Only the West Central Region had a numerical increase greater than Southwest (an increase of 22,651 in West Central compared with an increase of 12,917 in Southwest).
All regions except Northwest had a Hispanic population increase of more than 50 percent. In four of the eight regions the Hispanic population more than doubled during the 1990s (Southeast, 125 percent; Northeast, 151 percent; Central, 170 percent; and Southwest, 287 percent).
Following are brief summaries of change in each region:
Central In nine of the 14 counties Hispanic population more than doubled during the 1990s. The greatest numerical gains were in Pettis (1,259) and Boone (1,187). In three region counties, Pettis, Moniteau and Saline, the Hispanic population increased by more than 400 percent primarily because of large employment increases in meat processing plants.
East Central The region's Hispanic population increased by more than 50 percent (from 19,625 to 30,056) during the 1990s. All counties in the region had substantial percentage gains but St. Louis County, St. Charles County and St. Louis City accounted for 82 percent of total Hispanic population increase in the region.
Northeast The region's Hispanic population was 2 ½ times greater in 2000 than in 1990. Although all region counties had significant percentage increases in Hispanic population, six of the region's 16 counties still had fewer than 50 Hispanics in 2000. Pike, Randolph, Adair and Marion each had an increase of more than 100 but the greatest increase by far was in Sullivan County. The Hispanic population in Sullivan increased from 23 in 1990 to 634 in 2000. As in several other rural counties Hispanic workers were drawn to Sullivan County by the establishment of a major meat processing plant during the 1990s.
Northwest The Northwest region, among the eight Extension regions, had the smallest increase in Hispanic population during the 1990s.The region's Hispanic population increased from 2,662 in 1990 to 3,305 in 2000 - a gain of only 24 percent. Although Buchanan County (St. Joseph) had the largest Hispanic population in the region (63 percent of the region total) the Buchanan County Hispanic population increased by only 22 percent during the 1990s. Five region counties had fewer than 50 Hispanics in 2000.
South Central South Central region Hispanic population increased from 3,453 in 1990 to 5,522 in 2000 - an increase of 59.9 percent. Although the Hispanic population increased in all region counties there is only one, Pulaski, with a 2000 Hispanic population greater than 500. Pulaski County is the location of Fort Leonard Wood a major contributor to the County's 2,404 Hispanic population. Other than Pulaski Hispanic population is rather uniformly distributed throughout the region. Only three of the 16 region counties have a 2000 Hispanic population of less than 100.
Southeast The Southeast region Hispanic population in 2000 was 3,779 the third smallest of the eight Extension regions. The region's Hispanic population more than doubled during the 1990s - from 1,678 in 1990 to 3,779 in 2000. The greatest growth among the counties occurred in Dunklin, increasing from 169 Hispanics in 1990 to 824 in 2000. Hispanic workers were attracted to the county by establishment of a commercial poultry-processing plant during the 1990s. Nine of the 16 counties had a Hispanic population of greater than 100 in 2000.
Southwest The southwest region had by far the greatest percentage increase in Hispanic population during the 1990s - increasing from 4,495 in 1990 to 17,412 in 2000 - an increase of 287.4 percent. Hispanic population growth occurred throughout the region with 14 of the 16 counties having a Hispanic population of more than 100. However, in at least eight of the 16 region counties the population growth was dramatic. General economic growth in the region and newly established poultry processing plants in five of the counties were the major contributor to growth.
West Central The West Central region includes 41.8 percent of Missouri's total 2000 Hispanic population. The greatest contributor is Jackson County with a 2000 Hispanic population of 35,160 - an increase of 86 percent from the county's 1990 Hispanic population. However, there has been substantial Hispanic population growth throughout the Kansas City metro area during the 1990s. In 2000, in addition to Jackson County, there were four counties having a Hispanic population of greater than 1,400.
| Detailed Tables of Population Change | ||
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The following links provide detailed tables of Hispanic Population in Missouri, 1990-2000. They are available in both HTML and Adobe Acrobat (PDF) formats. |
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| All Missouri Counties | ||
| Hispanic Population in Missouri, 1990-2000 - By County with State Totals | HTML | |
| Percent Distribution of Missouri White, Black, Other Race and Hispanic Population, 2000 - By County with State Totals | HTML | |
| Regional Tables | ||
| UO/E Regions | ||
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Hispanic Population in Missouri, 1990-2000 - By UM Extension Region |
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| Hispanic Population in Missouri, 1990-2000 - By County Within UM Extension Region | HTML | |
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Percent Distribution of Missouri White, Black, Other Race and Hispanic Population, 2000 - By UM Extension Region |
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| Percent Distribution of Missouri White, Black, Other Race and Hispanic Population, 2000 - By County Within UM Extension Region | HTML | |
| DED Regions | ||
| Hispanic Population in Missouri, 1990-2000 - By DED Region | HTML | |
| Hispanic Population in Missouri, 1990-2000 - By County Within DED Region | HTML | |
| Percent Distribution of Missouri White, Black, Other Race and Hispanic Population, 2000 - By DED Region | HTML | |
| Percent Distribution of Missouri White, Black, Other Race and Hispanic Population, 2000 - By County Within DED Region | HTML | |
| MoDOT Regions | ||
| Hispanic Population in Missouri, 1990-2000 - By DOT District | HTML | |
| Hispanic Population in Missouri, 1990-2000 - By County Within DOT District | HTML | |
| Percent Distribution of Missouri White, Black, Other Race and Hispanic Population, 2000 - By DOT District | HTML | |
| Percent Distribution of Missouri White, Black, Other Race and Hispanic Population, 2000 - By County Within DOT District | HTML | |
This file last modified Thursday May 07, 2009, 16:02:18
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